| Symptom | Most likely causes | First checks |
|---|---|---|
| Stick feels weak | 120 V limitation, bad clamp, hot connection | Verify voltage class and current path |
| TIG poor but stick okay | Gas, torch, or setup issue | Prove stick first |
| Arc unstable | Hot connector or weak return path | Inspect clamp and lead ends |
| Thermal shutoff | Blocked airflow or overloaded adapter | Inspect cooling path and plug heat |
120 V versus 240 V and stick versus TIG accessory path.