| Symptom | Most likely causes | First checks |
|---|---|---|
| Arc instability | Wrong gas/material setup, feeder wear, clamp issue | Normalize program and inspect wire path |
| Excess spatter | Wrong program or gas/wire mismatch | Confirm selected material, gas, and wire settings |
| Higher-power instability | Supply issue, lead heating, feeder wear | Check installation and cable heating |
| Intermittent issue | Duty-cycle heat, connector heating, component wear | Inspect warm-up pattern and hot connections |