| Symptom | Most likely causes | First checks |
|---|---|---|
| Hand torch okay, CNC poor | CNC/interface setup issue | Disconnect CNC and prove handheld baseline |
| No start in any mode | Air, clamp, consumables, or power issue | Check air, clamp, and front-end parts |
| Poor CNC cut quality | Torch-height or controller path issue | Verify handheld cut first, then inspect CNC path |
| Intermittent issue | Supply, interface, or airflow issue | Isolate hand mode versus CNC mode |
hand-cut baseline, CNC/interface path, and air/consumable path.